Publications

If decisions made by the general assembly of joint-stock companies violate the company’s articles of association, the law, or especially the principle of good faith, lawsuits seeking annulment of these decisions can be filed. General assembly annulment lawsuits provide a mechanism to prevent majority shareholders from exercising their control over the company in a manner contrary to law and good faith. From a corporate governance perspective, this serves as a critical tool to

Under the Turkish Commercial Code (TCC), the relationships between a parent company and its controlled subsidiaries are subject to a specific legal regime governing corporate groups.   The TCC defines a company as a “controlling company” if it directly or indirectly holds the majority of voting rights or has the majority power in the governing body of another company. Moreover, even in the absence of a shareholding relationship, if contractual commitments establish certain co